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Lab 6 RISC-V assembly
warmup and learn assembly
There is a file user/call.c in your xv6 repo.
make fs.img builds a user program call and a readable assembly version of the program in user/call.asm. Read the code in call.asm for the functions g, f, and main. The instruction manual for RISC-V is in the doc directory (
doc/riscv-spec-v2.2.pdf).Which registers contain arguments to functions? For example, which register holds 13 in main’s call to printf?
a0–a7 and fa0-fa7contains function arguments.
a0 is also return values.
13 is stored in register a2
Where is the function call to f from main? Where is the call to g? (Hint: the compiler may inline functions.)
Call to f from main
26: 45b1 li a1,12 Call to g from f
14: 250d addiw a0,a0,3At what address is the function printf located?
0000000000000650 <printf> 
Or see the following code in main:
30: 00000097 auipc ra,0x0
34: 620080e7 jalr 1568(ra) # 650 <printf>
program counter(pc) is
0x30. auipc is to add 0x0 to pc, and store the result in ra. so ra is 0x30 jalr is jump and link register so 1568(ra) is: hex(1568) + 0x30 => 0x620 + 0x30 = 0x650What value is in the register ra just after the jalr to printf in main?
pc+4 is written to register ra. In our example asm, ra stores 0x38int g(int x) {
0: 1141 addi sp,sp,-16
2: e422 sd s0,8(sp)
4: 0800 addi s0,sp,16
return x+3;
}
6: 250d addiw a0,a0,3
8: 6422 ld s0,8(sp)
a: 0141 addi sp,sp,16
c: 8082 ret
void main(void) {
1c: 1141 addi sp,sp,-16
1e: e406 sd ra,8(sp)
20: e022 sd s0,0(sp)
22: 0800 addi s0,sp,16
printf("%d %d\n", f(8)+1, 13);
24: 4635 li a2,13
26: 45b1 li a1,12
28: 00000517 auipc a0,0x0
2c: 7d050513 addi a0,a0,2000 # 7f8 <malloc+0xea>
30: 00000097 auipc ra,0x0
34: 620080e7 jalr 1568(ra) # 650 <printf>
exit(0);
38: 4501 li a0,0
3a: 00000097 auipc ra,0x0
3e: 27e080e7 jalr 638(ra) # 2b8 <exit>
Add immediate (with overflow)
Description: Adds a register and a sign-extended immediate value and stores the result in a register Operation:
$t = $s + imm; advance_pc (4); Syntax:
addi $t, $s, immstore a double world. Store 64 bits from s0 register to sp+8
汇编在现代社会不再是必需品。太多高级语言包装了一切，蒙蔽了最初的最原始的思想，可是无论装饰再如何精彩，都遮挡不了最初最美的风景。那里才是我的追求。